Breast reduction is a surgery done to remove fat, glandular tissue and skin from the breast. The operation usually lasts between two and four hours and takes place under a general anesthesia. Surgeons, in some cases may also use local anesthesia and sedation.

The surgeon makes an incision around the areola (the brownish area around the nipple), vertically down the breast and then along the natural crease beneath the breast. The excess tissue and skin is removed and the nipple and areola are moved into their new positions. Skin from both sides of the breast is then pulled down and around the areola, making the new shape of the breast. Any excess fat can also be removed.

In most cases, the nipples remain attached to their blood vessels and nerves as they are being moved. However, in certain cases if the breasts are very large, the nipples and areolas may have to be completely removed and grafted into a higher position - this may result in a loss of sensation in the nipples and areola. A overnight stay in the hospital is required and one would need to take approximately two weeks off work to rest.

Avoid lifting weights and physical exercise for about six weeks. It is important that the breasts are well supported by means of a firm dressing initially and then by a supportive bra. The sutures will be removed between seven and fourteen days and it is important to keep the incision sites out of the sun for one year.